![]() Rathman, G.A., "Bullet Ricochet and Associated Phenomena," AFTE Journal, Vol.and Rowe, W.F., "A Study of Shotgun Pellet Ricochet," Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol. and Rowe, W.F., "Bullet Ricochet from Gypsum Wallboard," Journal of Forensic Sciences, JFSCA, Vol. Jordan, G.E., Bratton, D.D., Donahue, H.C.H.and Rowe, W.F., "A Study of Shotgun Ricochet from Steel Surfaces," Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol. Haag, L.C., "Bullet Ricochet: An Imperical Study and a Device for Measuring Ricochet Angle," AFTE Journal, Vol.and Schecter, B., "Ricochet Dynamics for the Nine-Millimetre Parabellum Bullet," Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol. Garrison, D.H., "Crown & Bank: Road Structure as it Affects Bullet Path Angles in Vehicle Shootings," AFTE Journal, Vol 30, No.Federal Bureau of Investigation, "Bouncing Bullets," FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, Vol. ![]() 50 Cal Ricochet onto Shooter's Ear Muffs - Youtube Video of fake Bullet Ricochet on Shooter." Ricochet Off Glass" at National Crime Investigation and Training web site.^ " A case of “boomerang” bullet ricochet", International Journal of Legal Medicine, October 1, 2001.^ Jauhari, M., "Approximate Relationship Between the Angles of Incident and Ricochet for Practical Application in the Field of Forensic Science," Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology and Police Science, Vol.^ Nennstiel, R., "Study of Bullet Ricochet on a Water Surface," AFTE Journal, Vol.^ Haag, L.C., "Bullet Ricochet from Water," AFTE Journal, Vol.^ The Box O' Truth #7 - The Sands O' Truth.^ Bullet Ricochet: A Comprehensive Review, Burke, TW, Rowe, WF, Journal of Forensic Sciences, September 1, 1992.Some bullets are designed to deform at the nose, which is the main reason for the bullet ricocheting at such an extreme angle and returning in the shooter's direction. Alternatively, elastic targets such as rubber tires shot with lower power weapons can return the slug along the line of fire even when struck at an oblique angle. This can occur when the object struck possesses enough resistance to withstand the impact of the bullet, and its surface is perpendicular to the shooter. In rare cases, ricochets can return to the shooter. Ricochets are a common hazard of shooting because the bullet that ricochets poses a serious danger of causing collateral damage to animals, objects, or even the person who fired the shot. Ricochets will almost always continue on a somewhat diagonal trajectory to their original trajectory, unless the impact is against a flat surface perpendicular to the angle of incidence (or approach), in which case the angle of reflection depends on the other variables involved. The angle of departure, both vertically and horizontally, is difficult to calculate or predict due to the many variables involved, not the least of which is the deformation of the bullet caused by its impact with the surface it strikes. Though it may not be obvious, bullets easily ricochet off water compare stone skipping. Materials that are soft, give easily, or can absorb the impact, such as sand, have a lower incidence of ricochet. Target materialīullets are more likely to ricochet off flat, hard surfaces such as concrete or steel, but a ricochet can occur on almost any surface, including grassy soil, given a flat enough angle of impact. Higher velocity projectiles have a tendency to either penetrate the target, and/or to break-up on contact with it. 177 calibre, which can have trouble penetrating some materials, although a ricochet can occur with any caliber. Ricochets are often more common with low-power calibers such as. 17 HMR round with its frangible bullet has gained popularity against the older non-fragmenting. The lower chance of ricochet is one of the reasons the newer. Bullets that break up, such as varmint hunting bullets have a low risk of ricochet. Hard bullets have a greater tendency to penetrate than softer ones. Bulletīullet construction has a major factor in determining both the likelihood of ricochet as well as where the bullet will travel afterward. The likelihood of ricochet is dependent on many factors, including bullet shape, velocity (and distance), target material and the angle of incidence.
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